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Tag: fiscal-policy

Tag: fiscal-policy

6 pages tagged fiscal-policy.

Pages

  • Chapter 27: Government in the Marketplace — Taxes and Subsidies — Economics 101

    Taxes raise costs and shrink supply; subsidies lower costs and expand it. Both are precision tools for shaping behavior — and both come with side effects, distortions, and the occasional black market.

  • Chapter 43: The US Deficit and National Debt — Economics 101

    Why deficit and debt are different concepts, how the US accumulates and services its debt, what ‘full faith and credit’ means, and how the debt-to-GDP ratio reframes the headline numbers.

  • Chapter 50: The Keynesian View and Fiscal Policy — Economics 101

    Keynes challenged classical economics by showing that recessions can persist because wages are sticky and saving doesn’t automatically become investment. His remedy — government spending during recessions — works through a multiplier effect. But the inflation-unemployment trade-off he implied breaks down when inflation expectations shift.

  • Chapter 54: Supply-Side Economics — Economics 101

    Supply-side economics emerged in the 1970s as a direct response to stagflation — the failure of Keynesian demand management to handle simultaneous high unemployment and high inflation. It argues that tax cuts, deregulation, and reduced government interference unlock productive capacity and grow the economy from the supply side.

  • Chapter 57: How Economic Policy Affects Growth — Economics 101

    Government policy shapes long-run economic growth through three channels: interest rate policy (monetary), fiscal balance (spending vs. deficits), and tax structure (work and investment incentives). This chapter shows how each lever works and where getting it wrong stunts capital accumulation and growth.

  • Chapter 60: Fiscal Policy Under Fire — Economics 101

    When the 2008 financial crisis disabled the Fed’s conventional tools and exhausted the government’s fiscal space, policymakers had to improvise. This chapter examines quantitative easing, TARP, the Recovery Act, and the contentious fiscal experiments that followed — from the Trump tax cuts to COVID relief programs.

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